This tropical island off the southeast tip of India is known as the “Teardrop of India.” Ethnic and religious strife between the majority Sinhalese, who are mostly Buddhist, And the minority Tamil, who are mostly Hindu, has often erupted in violence and bloodshed. Rebel groups have made repeated calls for a separate Tamil state, and political assassinations are relatively common. Despite the violence, Sri Lanka is also known as a deeply spiritual and beautiful place, rich in exotic flora and fauna.

The island of Sri Lanka is situated only 22 miles from mainland India. The climate is tropical along the coastal plain and temperate in the central highlands. Annual rainfall averages only 39 in. in the north and east while the south and west receive over 79 in. Natural resources are limited but the rich agricultural land produces tea, rubber and coconuts. Gemstones (sapphire, ruby, beryl, topaz), graphite and salt are mined. The main industries are food processing, textiles, chemicals, tea, and rubber.